Explainer
Evidence-led entry points for non-clinicians. What is a GLP-1 receptor agonist, what does ATC A10BX mean, why are some peptides legal in Russia but not the EU.
Semaglutide plus SGLT2 inhibitors in China
A Chinese real-world analysis described six-month metabolic outcomes in adults using semaglutide with an SGLT2 inhibitor.
Tirzepatide and lithium safety signal
A 23-person cohort found a lithium safety signal after tirzepatide initiation in bipolar disorder. It cannot estimate the risk or prove causation.
Semaglutide, Low Testosterone, Nine Men
An exploratory study of nine men ties semaglutide to shifted DNA methylation in obesity-related low testosterone, and it is far too small to prove anything.
BPC-157 and TB-500, examined separately
BPC-157 and TB-500 get treated as a matched set online, but they are different molecules with separate, mostly animal-only evidence and neither is approved.
GLP-1 Drugs and Kidney Outcomes in CKD
Thirteen GLP-1 receptor agonist trials pooled in chronic kidney disease show fewer heart and kidney events, with semaglutide topping an exploratory ranking.
Tirzepatide May Ease Beta-Cell Hypoxia
A mouse and cell study finds tirzepatide, GLP-1, and GIP suppress high-glucose-induced beta-cell hypoxia through a cAMP/PKA pathway.
Missed Doses of Oral vs Weekly Semaglutide
A Novo Nordisk research letter models what missing doses does to drug levels for oral semaglutide versus once-weekly GLP-1 injections.
PT-141 for male ED: what the FDA says
PT-141 is FDA-approved for low sexual desire in premenopausal women, not male erectile dysfunction, and the off-label male use has far thinner evidence.
An RNA Therapy for Muscle Loss on GLP-1s
In mice, a new RNA-based therapy paired with semaglutide preserved more lean mass than semaglutide alone, though it remains far from human use.
Semaglutide in Children: England's Data
A corrected conference abstract from 35 English specialist clinics reports how 406 children and young people fared on semaglutide.
Semaglutide and Heart-Failure Hemodynamics
A new case report describes semaglutide easing heart-failure pressures in one patient, but a single case can't prove a population-wide effect.
Why Semax Comes as a Nasal Spray
Semax is a Russian-registered nasal-spray peptide with no FDA or EU approval. Here is what the intranasal evidence actually supports.