Explainer
Evidence-led entry points for non-clinicians. What is a GLP-1 receptor agonist, what does ATC A10BX mean, why are some peptides legal in Russia but not the EU.
SURMOUNT-OSA post-hoc: who benefits most
SURMOUNT-OSA post-hoc (Sleep, 2026): more-symptomatic patients saw larger subjective gains; objective AHI and weight changes were consistent across subgroups.
Tesamorelin: from discovery to FDA approval
How tesamorelin moved from a lab compound to FDA approval in 2010, and why the European application was withdrawn in 2012.
How Tesamorelin works: the mechanism
Tesamorelin binds GHRH receptors in the pituitary, triggers GH pulses, and raises IGF-1. Plain-English guide to the mechanism.
Tesamorelin side effects and safety data
The FDA label and phase-3 trials list injection site reactions, arthralgia, edema, and a threefold rise in new-onset dysglycemia. Here is what the data show.
Semaglutide around knee replacement surgery
A pilot RCT sets out a 48-week semaglutide protocol around total knee replacement in obese patients. Here is what the paper covers and what remains unanswered.
NITs in MASH: disease-activity vs response
A 2026 letter argues non-invasive liver tests after semaglutide reflect disease activity, not validated response. Here is what that means for MASH trial design.
Semax and WADA: Is It Prohibited in Sport?
Semax is not explicitly named on the WADA Prohibited List, but S2 catch-all language creates genuine ambiguity. Here is what athletes need to know.
What is Semax? A plain-English explainer
Semax is a synthetic neuropeptide licensed in Russia for stroke recovery and unapproved in the EU, UK, and US. Here is what the research actually shows.
TB-500 dosing: what the trials used
The 2 mg weekly range circulating online has no human trial behind it. Here is what published thymosin beta-4 studies actually administered, trial by trial.
A short history of TB-500
TB-500 (thymosin beta-4) was first sequenced in 1981. Four decades on, it has no approved human use and only one controlled trial, in eye disease.
GH-IGF1 peptides: the clinical evidence gap
A 2026 Frontiers review maps the gap between trial data and self-administration practice for CJC-1295, ipamorelin, and related GH-axis peptides.
GLP-1 agonists in adolescent obesity: NMA
A July 2026 network meta-analysis found semaglutide 2.4 mg led on weight reduction in adolescents with obesity. Most comparisons were indirect.