Explainer
Evidence-led entry points for non-clinicians. What is a GLP-1 receptor agonist, what does ATC A10BX mean, why are some peptides legal in Russia but not the EU.
Semax with armodafinil and nicotine
No published study has examined Semax alongside armodafinil or nicotine. Here is what the mechanisms suggest, and why silence is not a safety finding.
Semax and armodafinil: dopamine overlap
No interaction study covers semax, armodafinil and nicotine together. Here is what the pharmacology shows about dopaminergic overlap.
Thymosin β4 and pyroptosis in microglia
A July 2026 cell-culture study reports that thymosin beta-4 lowers pyroptosis markers in BV2 microglia. Here is what that does and does not show.
BPC-157 and TB-500 for back pain
BPC-157 and TB-500 show tissue-repair effects in animal models, but no human trial has tested either for chronic back pain.
BPC-157 and TB-4 blend: reconstitution math
How to reconstitute a BPC-157 and TB-4 lyophilised blend, what the arithmetic actually means, and why no validated human dose exists for either peptide.
CJC-1295 / Ipamorelin and Sleep Disruption
A CJC-1295 and ipamorelin blend can deepen early sleep and then fragment the rest of the night. The pharmacology of GH pulse timing explains why.
HGH and tesamorelin: reason to combine?
Tesamorelin stimulates the pituitary to release endogenous GH. Exogenous HGH bypasses it entirely. No clinical trial has evaluated the combination.
SOUL trial: HbA1c predicts heart benefit
A July 2026 JCEM analysis of the SOUL trial found oral semaglutide's MACE benefit tracks glycaemic response more than body weight change.
Respiratory safety of weight-loss drugs
A July 2026 ATS meta-analysis of 123 studies finds no added respiratory harm from four major weight-loss drugs, but flags a gap in asthma-specific evidence.
Semaglutide in India: the paediatric gap
Indian generic semaglutide has adult non-inferiority data. A 2026 letter in Indian Pediatrics asks what expanded access means for adolescents.
Compounders hold on in the GLP-1 market
A June 2026 Gallup survey found nearly 1 in 5 GLP-1 users still take compounded versions, despite FDA crackdowns and pharma lawsuits.
GLP-1 and opioid overdose risk in veterans
A 2026 VHA study linked semaglutide and tirzepatide to lower overdose rates than insulin and SGLT2 inhibitors in veterans with T2D and opioid use disorder.